Bye click-and-drag. Define infra dalam code: Terraform, Ansible, CloudFormation.
Manual config: tidak reproducible, human error, scale issue. IaC: version controlled, reviewable, automated. Spin up identical environment di seconds. Disaster recovery jadi mudah.
Tool IaC paling populer. Declarative HCL syntax. Multi-cloud (AWS, GCP, Azure, dst). State file track resource. Provider plugin untuk integrasi service. terraform plan dan terraform apply.
Configuration management. YAML playbook. Agentless (SSH atau WinRM). Idempotent: jalanin lagi tidak break. Role untuk reusability. Inventory untuk define hosts.
AWS CloudFormation. Google Cloud Deployment Manager. Azure ARM atau Bicep. Pulumi (pakai bahasa programming). Crossplane untuk K8s-native IaC. Pilih sesuai cloud strategy.
State file di backend remote (S3, Terraform Cloud). Modular code dengan reusable module. Environment terpisah (dev, staging, prod). Code review wajib. Secrets di vault, bukan code.